Your email address will not be published. Skip to content. You might be interested: What if africa colonized europe. You might be interested: Sub-saharan africa has a current doubling time of how many years? Previous Post Why did weezer remake africa. Next Post What is the weather like in cape town south africa. Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published.
Although the disease is most frequently found in sub-Saharan Africa , it is also found in some parts of Sicily, Greece, southern Turkey, and India , all of which have areas in which malaria is endemic. The mutation that results in HbS is believed to have originated in several locations in Africa and India. On blood group and sickle cell disease, the study showed that blood group O is most commonly associated with genotype SS SCD , followed by blood group B , then A group and the least prevalence is AB.
Sickle cell disease is more common in certain ethnic groups, including: People of African descent, including African- Americans among whom 1 in 12 carries a sickle cell gene Hispanic- Americans from Central and South America.
With a national median life expectancy of 42— 47 years , people with sickle cell disease SCD face many challenges, including severe pain episodes, stroke , and organ damage. Stem cells are special cells produced by bone marrow, a spongy tissue found in the centre of some bones.
The origin of the mutation that led to the sickle — cell gene derives from at least four independent mutational events, three in Africa and a fourth in either Saudi Arabia or central India. These independent events occurred between 3, and 6, generations ago, approximately , years. Author manuscript; available in PMC Jun Nadia Solovieff , a Stephen W. Hartley , a Clinton T. Baldwin , b Elizabeth S.
Klings , c Mark T. Gladwin , d James G. Taylor, VI , e Gregory J. Kato , e Lindsay A. Farrer , a, c Martin H. Steinberg , c and Paola Sebastiani a. Stephen W. Clinton T. Elizabeth S. Mark T. James G. Taylor, VI. Gregory J. Lindsay A. Martin H. Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Copyright notice. The publisher's final edited version of this article is available at Blood Cells Mol Dis. See other articles in PMC that cite the published article.
Abstract The inheritance of genetic disease depends on ancestry that must be considered when interpreting genetic association studies and can provide insights when comparing traits in a population. Keywords: sickle cell disease, genetic ancestry, admixture, genetic association. Table 1 Populations and Studies The name of the study, ethnic group and sample size is reported.
Open in a separate window. Figure 1. Heatmap, Scree Plot and Scoring Index The heatmap A and scree plot B are used to select the top informative PCs while the scoring index C is used to select the number of optimal ethnic clusters. Results The top 13 PCs were most informative Figure 1 and the cluster algorithm created 12 distinct clusters of varying ancestry Figure 2.
The sickle cell trait provides a survival advantage against malaria fatality over people with normal hemoglobin in regions where malaria is endemic. The trait is known to cause significantly fewer deaths due to malaria, especially when Plasmodium falciparum is the causative organism. Genetic Factors Persons who have the sickle cell trait heterozygotes for the abnormal hemoglobin gene HbS are relatively protected against P.
No sex predilection exists, since sickle cell anemia is not an X-linked disease. Although no particular gender predilection has been shown in most series, analysis of the data from the US Renal Data System demonstrated marked male predominance of sickle cell nephropathy in affected patients. Risk Factors Sickle cell disease is more common in certain ethnic groups , including: People of African descent, including African- Americans among whom 1 in 12 carries a sickle cell gene Hispanic-Americans from Central and South America.
Yes, they can.
0コメント